Mmepe nke teknụzụ kọmputa ọgbara ọhụrụ na-akwalite ọganihu nke teknụzụ onyonyo ọgwụ dijitalụ. Onyonyo mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa bụ isiokwu ọhụrụ mepụtara site na ijikọta bayoloji molekụla na onyonyo ahụike ọgbara ọhụrụ. Ọ dị iche na teknụzụ onyonyo ahụike oge gboo. Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, usoro nyocha ahụike oge gboo na-egosi nsonaazụ njedebe nke mgbanwe mkpụrụ ndụ n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ mmadụ, na-achọpụta ihe na-adịghị mma mgbe emechara mgbanwe anụ ahụ. Otú ọ dị, ihe oyiyi molekụla nwere ike ịchọpụta mgbanwe nke mkpụrụ ndụ n'oge mmalite nke ọrịa site na ụfọdụ ụzọ nnwale pụrụ iche site n'iji ụfọdụ ngwá ọrụ ọhụrụ na reagents eme ihe na-emeghị mgbanwe mgbanwe anụ ahụ, nke nwere ike inyere ndị dọkịta aka ịghọta mmepe nke ọrịa ndị ọrịa. Ya mere, ọ bụkwa ngwa enyemaka dị irè maka nyocha ọgwụ na nchọpụta ọrịa.
1. Ọganihu nke teknụzụ onyonyo dijitalụ bụ isi
1.1Igwe redio kọmputa (CR)
Teknụzụ CR na-eji bọọdụ onyonyo na-edekọ ụzarị X-ray, na-eji laser na-akpali bọọdụ onyonyo, na-atụgharị mgbama ọkụ nke bọọdụ onyonyo na-ebupụta n'ime nkwukọrịta site na ngwa pụrụ iche, na n'ikpeazụ na-eji kọmputa eme ihe na ndị na-ese foto. Ọ dị iche na ọgwụ radieshon ọdịnala na CR na-eji IP kama ịbụ ihe nkiri dị ka onye na-ebu ya, yabụ teknụzụ CR na-arụ ọrụ mgbanwe na usoro ọganihu teknụzụ ọgwụ radieshon nke oge a.
1.2 Direct redio (DR)
Enwere ụfọdụ ọdịiche dị n'etiti foto X-ray ozugbo na igwe X-ray ọdịnala. Nke mbụ, a na-edochi usoro onyonyo onyonyo foto site n'ịgbanwe ozi ahụ ka ọ bụrụ akara nke kọmputa nwere ike ịmata site na onye na-achọpụta ihe. Nke abuo, iji ọrụ nke usoro kọmputa na-edozi ihe oyiyi dijitalụ, usoro dum bụ ọrụ eletrik zuru oke, nke na-enye mma maka akụkụ ahụike.
Enwere ike kewaa redio nke linear n'ụdị atọ dịka ihe nchọpụta dị iche iche ọ na-eji si dị. Igwe onyonyo dijitalụ ozugbo, onye na-achọpụta ya bụ efere silicon amorphous, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ntụgharị ike na-apụtaghị ìhè DR N'ime mkpebi oghere ka bara uru; Maka eserese dijitalụ na-apụtaghị ìhè, ihe nchọpụta ndị a na-ejikarị bụ: cesium iodide, gadolinium oxide of sulfur, cesium iodide/Gadolinium oxide of sulfur + lens/optical fiber +CCD/CMOS na cesium iodide/Gadolinium oxide of sulfur + CMOS; Sistemụ foto dijitalụ X siri ike,
A na-eji ihe nchọpụta CCD eme ihe ugbu a na sistemu eriri afọ dijitalụ yana nnukwu usoro angiography
2. Usoro mmepe nke teknụzụ onyonyo dijitalụ isi ahụike
2.1 Ọganihu kachasị ọhụrụ nke CR
1) Mmelite nke osisi imaging. Ihe ọhụrụ a na-eji na nhazi nke efere ihe osise na-ebelata nke ukwuu ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, na-emeziwanye ihe oyiyi oyiyi na nkọwa zuru ezu, ya mere a na-emeziwanye àgwà nke ihe oyiyi ahụ.
2) Mmelite nke ọnọdụ nyocha. Iji teknụzụ nyocha ahịrị kama iji teknụzụ nyocha ntụpọ na-efe efe na iji CCD dị ka onye na-anakọta onyonyo, a na-ebelata oge nyocha nke ọma.
3) A na-ewusi ike ma na-emeziwanye ngwa ngwa nhazi post. Site na nkwalite teknụzụ kọmputa, ọtụtụ ndị nrụpụta ewebatala ụdị sọftụwia dị iche iche. Site n'iji ngwanrọ ndị a, enwere ike imeziwanye akụkụ ụfọdụ na-ezughị okè nke ihe oyiyi ahụ, ma ọ bụ mfu nke nkọwa ihe oyiyi nwere ike ibelata, iji nweta foto toned ọzọ.
4) CR na-aga n'ihu na-etolite n'ụzọ nke usoro ọrụ ụlọ ọgwụ dị ka DR. N'otu aka ahụ na-arụ ọrụ nke DR, CR nwere ike ịwụnye onye na-agụ ihe n'ime ụlọ redio ọ bụla ma ọ bụ njikwa ọrụ; Dị ka ọgbọ onyonyo akpaka nke DR, a na-emecha usoro nrụgharị onyonyo na nyocha laser na-akpaghị aka.
2.2 Ọganihu nyocha nke teknụzụ DR
1) Ọganihu na onyonyo dijitalụ nke silicon na-abụghị crystal na amorphous selenium flat panel detectors. Mgbanwe bụ isi na-eme na nhazi nke nhazi kristal, dị ka nchọpụta si kwuo, agịga na usoro columnar nke silicon amorphous na amorphous selenium nwere ike belata mgbasa nke X-ray, nke mere na nkọ na doo anya nke ihe oyiyi ahụ dị mma.
2) Ọganihu na onyonyo dijitalụ nke CMOS flat panel detectors. Oghere ahịrị ahịrị fluorescent nke CM0S flat detector nwere ike iwepụta ahịrị fluorescent kwekọrọ na ọkụ X-ray merenụ, mgbama fluorescent na-ejide mgbawa CMOS wee mechaa ma hazie ya. Ya mere, mkpebi nke oghere nke M0S planar detector dị elu dị ka 6.1LP / m, nke bụ onye nchọpụta nwere mkpebi kachasị elu. Agbanyeghị, ngwa ngwa onyonyo nke sistemu ahụ abụrụla adịghị ike nke ihe nchọpụta CMOS flat panel.
3) CCD dijitalụ imaging enweela ọganihu. A na-emeziwanye ihe onyonyo CCD na akụrụngwa, ihe owuwu na nhazi onyonyo, anyị site na usoro agịga ewepụtara ọhụrụ nke ihe scintillator X-ray, nchapụta dị elu na enyo ngwakọta ngwa anya dị elu yana njupụta nke 100% CCD mgbawa imaging sensitivity, onyonyo doro anya. na mkpebi ka emelitere.
4) Ngwa ụlọ ọgwụ nke DR nwere atụmanya sara mbara. Obere dose, obere mmebi radieshon mebie ndị ọrụ ahụike yana ogologo ndụ ngwaọrụ bụ uru niile nke teknụzụ DR Imaging. Ya mere, DR Imaging nwere uru na nyocha obi, ọkpụkpụ na ara ma na-ejikarị ya eme ihe. Ọdịmma ndị ọzọ bụ ọnụ ahịa dị oke ọnụ.
3. The ọnwụ-ọnụ technology nke ọgwụ dijitalụ imaging - molekụla imaging
Ihe onyonyo nke molecular bụ iji ụzọ onyonyo iji ghọta ụfọdụ ụmụ irighiri ihe na anụ ahụ, cellular na ọkwa subcellular, nke nwere ike igosi mgbanwe na ọkwa molekụla na steeti dị ndụ. N'otu oge ahụ, anyị nwekwara ike iji nkà na ụzụ a chọpụta ozi ndụ dị n'ime ahụ mmadụ nke na-adịghị mfe ịchọta, ma nweta nyocha na ọgwụgwọ yiri ya na mmalite nke ọrịa ahụ.
4. Mmepe mmepe nke teknụzụ onyonyo dijitalụ ahụike
Onyonyo molecular bụ ntụzịaka nyocha nke teknụzụ onyonyo dijitalụ ahụike, nke nwere nnukwu ikike ịghọ usoro mmepe nke teknụzụ onyonyo ahụike. N'otu oge ahụ, onyonyo oge gboo dị ka teknụzụ bụ isi, ka nwere ikike dị ukwuu.
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Oge nzipu: Eprel-01-2024
